بررسی عوامل مرتبط با خودسوزی و ارتباط آن با وضعیت افسردگی، اضطراب و استرس در زنان سنین باروری
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جعفر کاظم زاده
سهیلا ربیعی پور
سعیده علی زاده
سهیلا ربیعی پور
سعیده علی زاده
چکیده
مقدمه: خودسوزی، یکی از روش‌های اقدام به خودکشی بین زنان ایرانی می‌باشد. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی عوامل مرتبط با خودسوزی و ارتباط آن با اضطراب، افسردگی و استرس در بین زنان سنین باروری اجرا شد.
شیوه‌ی مطالعه: مطالعه‌ی حاضر به شیوه‌ی توصیفی- تحلیلی در زنان خودسوخته‌ی بستری در بخش سوختگی بیمارستان امام خمینی ارومیه در طی سال‌های1400-1399 انجام شد. 19 زن در سنین باروری وارد مطالعه شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها پرسش‌نامه‌ی مشخصات دموگرافیک و پرسش‌نامه‌ی افسردگی، اضطراب و استرس DASS-21 بود.
یافته‌ها: میانگین سنی شرکت‌کنندگان در این طرح، 7/79 ± 29/57 سال بود. نیمی از زنان ساکن مناطق روستایی بوده و در منزل پدرشوهر زندگی می‌کردند. اکثریت آن‌ها متأهل، خانه‌دار و کرد زبان بوده، میزان درآمد و وضعیت اقتصادی پایین و تحصیلات زیر دیپلم داشتند و بیشتر آن‌ها با نفت اقدام به خودسوزی کرده بودند. 89/5 درصد شرکت‌کنندگان افسردگی بسیار شدید، 94/5 درصد اضطراب بسیار شدید، 52/6 درصد استرس بسیار شدید داشتند.
نتیجه‌گیری: این مطالعه نشان داد که میزان افسردگی، اضطراب و استرس در زنانی که اقدام به خودکشی به طریق خودسوزی کرده‌اند در حد بالایی وجود دارد. پیشنهاد می‌شود اقدامات خاصی در جهت اصلاح فرهنگ حاکم بر منطقه‌ی شمال غرب کشور انجام شود تا شاید باری از دوش مشکلات زنان این منطقه کاسته شود.
کلمات کلیدی: خودسوزی؛ خودکشی؛ زنان؛ اضطراب؛ افسردگی؛ استرس
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استناد به مقاله
کاظم زادهج., ربیعی پورس., & علی زادهس. (2023). بررسی عوامل مرتبط با خودسوزی و ارتباط آن با وضعیت افسردگی، اضطراب و استرس در زنان سنین باروری. مجله دانشکده پزشکی زابل, 45-54. Retrieved از http://jzms.ir/index.php/JZMS/article/view/388
نوع مقاله
مقاله پژوهشی
مراجع
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2. Stark C, Smith H, Hall D. Increase in parasuicide in Scotland. BMJ 1994; 308(6943): 1569-70.
3. Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, et al. Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database. Bull World Health Organ 2008; 86(9): 726-32.
4. Ghafarian Shirazi HR, Hosseini M, Zoladl M, Malekzadeh M, Momeninejad M, Noorian K, et al. Suicide in the Islamic Republic of Iran: an integrated analysis from 1981 to 2007. East Mediterr Health J 2012; 18(6): 607-13.
5. Raj A, Gomez C, Silverman JG. Driven to a fiery death--the tragedy of self-immolation in Afghanistan. N Engl J Med 2008; 358(21): 2201-3.
6. Laloë V. Patterns of deliberate self-burning in various parts of the world: A review. Burns 2004; 30(3): 207-15.
7. Nisavic M, Nejad SH, Beach SR. Intentional self-inflicted burn injuries: review of the literature. Psychosomatics 2017; 58(6): 581-91.
8. Saadati M, Azami-Aghdash S, Heydari M, Derakhshani N, Rezapour R. Self-immolation in Iran: systematic review and meta-analysis. Bull Emerg Trauma 2019; 7(1): 1-8.
9. Karamouzian M, Rostami M. Suicide statistics in Iran: Let’s get specific. Am J Mens Health 2019; 13(1): 1557988318807079.
10. Arya V, Page A, Gunnell D, Dandona R, Mannan H, Eddleston M, et al. Suicide by hanging is a priority for suicide prevention: method specific suicide in India (2001-2014).
J Affect Disord 2019; 257: 1-9.
11. Caine PL, Tan A, Barnes D, Dziewulski P. Self-inflicted burns: 10 year review and comparison to national guidelines. Burns 2016; 42(1): 215-21.
12. Rezaeian M. The geographical belt of self-immolation. Burns 2017; 43(5): 896-7.
13. Alaghehbandan R, Dinn NA, Rastegar Lari E, Rastegar Lari A. Suicidal behavior by burns among women in two bordering provinces in Iran. Ann Burns Fire Disasters 2015; 28(2): 147-54.
14. Ahmadi A, Schwebel DC, Bazargan-Hejazi S, Taliee K, Karim H, Mohammadi R. Self-immolation and its adverse life-events risk factors: results from an Iranian population. J Inj Violence Res 2015; 7(1): 13-8.
15. Parvareh M, Hajizadeh M, Rezaei S, Nouri B, Moradi G, Nasab NE. Epidemiology and socio-demographic risk factors of self-immolation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Burns 2018; 44(4): 767-75.
16. Kazemzadeh J, Rabiepoor S, Alizadeh S. The quality of life in women with burns in Iran. World J Plast Surg 2019; 8(1): 33-42.
17. Mansourian M, Taghdisi MH, Khosravi B, Ziapour A, Ozdenk GD. A study of Kurdish women’s tragic self-immolation in Iran: A qualitative study. Burns 2019; 45(7): 1715-22.
18. Palmu R, Partonen T, Suominen K, Saarni SI, Vuola J, Isometsä E. Health-related quality of life 6 months after burns among hospitalized patients: Predictive importance of mental disorders and burn severity. Burns 2015; 41(4): 742-8.
19. Rabiepoor S, Kazemzadeh J, Alizadeh S. The relationship between quality of life and sexual satisfaction in women with severe burns. Maedica (Bucur) 2018; 13(2): 137-42.
20. Tedstone JE, Tarrier N, Faragher EB. An investigation of the factors associated with an increased risk of psychological morbidity in burn injured patients. Burns 1998; 24(5): 407-15.
21. Palmu R, Suominen K, Vuola J, Isometsä E. Mental disorders after burn injury: a prospective study. Burns 2011; 37(4): 601-9.
22. Brown MZ, Comtois KA, Linehan MM. Reasons for suicide attempts and nonsuicidal self-injury in women with borderline personality disorder. J Abnorm Psychol 2002; 111(1): 198-202.
23. Joiner T. Why people die by suicide. 1st ed. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; 2007.
24. Ahmadi A, Mohammadi R, Schwebel DC, Yeganeh N, Soroush A, Bazargan-Hejazi S. Familial risk factors for self-immolation: a case-control study. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2009; 18(7): 1025-31.
25. Ahmadi A, Mohammadi R, Schwebel DC, Khazaie H, Yeganeh N, Almasi A. Demographic risk factors of self-immolation: a case-control study. Burns 2009; 35(4): 580-6.
26. Poeschla B, Combs H, Livingstone S, Romm S, Klein MB. Self-immolation: socioeconomic, cultural and psychiatric patterns. Burns 2011; 37(6):1049-57.
27. Peck MD. Epidemiology of burns throughout the World. Part II: intentional burns in adults. Burns 2012; 38(5): 630-7.
28. Ahmadi A, Ytterstad B. Prevention of self-immolation by community-based intervention. Burns 2007; 33(8): 1032-40.
29. Ahmadi A, Schwebel DC, Rezaei M. The efficacy of wet-cupping in the treatment of tension and migraine headache. Am J Chin Med 2008; 36(01): 37-44.
30. Saadat M. Epidemiology and mortality of hospitalized burn patients in Kohkiluye va Boyerahmad province (Iran): 2002-2004. Burns 2005; 31(3): 306-9.
31. Henry JD, Crawford JR. The short‐form version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS‐21): Construct validity and normative data in a large non‐clinical sample. Br J Clin Psychol 2005; 44(2): 227-39.
32. Sahebi A, Asghari MJ, Salari RS. Validation of depression anxiety and stress scale (DASS-21) for an Iranian population [in Persian]. Iran J Psychiatry 2005; 1(4): 299-313.
33. Aghakhani K, Rasouli A, Jamilian HR, Memarian A. Differences in demographic and psychological variables in suicide by self-immolation and poisoning. Iranian J Toxicology 2013; 7(22): 882-6.
34. Hosseini SH, Yazdanpanah F, Ghannadzadegan HA, Fazli M. Evaluation of self-immolation suicide attempt in Sari City (north of Iran) between 2011 to 2014. Int J Med Invest 2016; 5(2): 65-8.
35. Amin NMM, Ameen NRH, Abed R, Abbas M. Self-burning in Iraqi Kurdistan: proportion and risk factors in a burns unit. Int Psychiatry 2012; 9(3): 72-4.
36. Amin PM, Mirlashari J, Nasrabadi AN. A cry for help and protest: self-immolation in young Kurdish Iraqi women-a qualitative study. Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery 2018; 6(1): 56-64.
37. Ahmadi A. Suicide by self-immolation: comprehensive overview, experiences and suggestions. J Burn Care Res 2007; 28(1): 30-41.
38. Rezaie L, Khazaie H, Soleimani A, Schwebel DC. Self-immolation a predictable method of suicide: A comparison study of warning signs for suicide by self-immolation and by self-poisoning. Burns 2011; 37(8): 1419-26.
39. Maghsoudi H, Garadagi A, Jafary GA, Azarmir G, Aali N, Karimian B, et al. Women victims of self-inflicted burns in Tabriz, Iran. Burns 2004; 30(3): 217-20.
40. Zamani SN, Bagheri M, Abbas Nejad M. Investigation of the demographic characteristics and mental health in self-immolation attempters. Int J High Risk Behav Addict 2013; 2(2): 77-81.
41. Zare Shahabadi A, Shafiee Nejad M, Madahi J. Suicide attempt between women abdanan: motives and conditions [in Persian]. Wom Dev Pol 2017; 15(3): 427-46.
42. Ghalambor AA, Zarei J, Pipelzadeh MH. Assessment of personal and social characteristics as risk factors in self-inflicted burns [in Persian]. Sci Med J 2010; 9(3): 233-56.
43. Shahana N, Turin TC, Rumana N, Rahman AM, Hossain S, Nahar S. Mental illness as a contributor to intentional self inflicted suicidal burn injury. J Dhaka Natl Med Coll Hosp 2012; 18(1): 49-57.
44. Sadeghi-Bazargani H, Maghsoudi H, Soudmand-Niri M, Ranjbar F, Mashadi-Abdollahi H. Stress disorder and PTSD after burn injuries: a prospective study of predictors of PTSD at Sina Burn Center, Iran. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2011; 7: 425-9.
45. Van Loey NEE, Van Son MJM. Psychopathology and psychological problems in patients with burn scars. Am J Clin Dermatol 2003; 4(4): 245-72.
46. Aaron LA, Patterson DR, Finch CP, Carrougher GJ, Heimbach DM. The utility of a burn specific measure of pain anxiety to prospectively predict pain and function: a comparative analysis. Burns 2001; 27(4): 329-34.
47. Jain A, Rathore S, Jain R, Gupta ID, Choudhary GL. Assessment of the depression and the quality of life in burn patients seeking reconstruction surgery. Indian J Burns 2015; 23(1): 37-42.
48. Haden SC, Scarpa A, Jones RT, Ollendick TH. Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and injury: The moderating role of perceived social support and coping for young adults. Pers Individ Differ 2007; 42(7): 1187-98.
49. Fidel-Kinori SG, Eiroa-Orosa FJ, Giannoni-Pastor A, Tasqué-Cebrián R, Arguello JM, Casas M. The fenix II study: A longitudinal study of psychopathology among burn patients. Burns 2016; 42(6): 1201-11.
50. Leenaars AA, Dogra TD, Girdhar S, Dattagupta S, Leenaars L. Menstruation and suicide: a histopathological study. Crisis 2009; 30(4): 202-7.
51. Baca-García E, Díaz-Sastre C, de Leon J, Saiz-Ruiz J. The relationship between menstrual cycle phases and suicide attempts. Psychosom Med 2000; 62(1): 50-60.
52. Mann JJ, Waternaux C, Haas GL, Malone KM. Toward a clinical model of suicidal behavior in psychiatric patients. Am J Psychiatry 1999; 156(2): 181-9.
53. Silva M, Loureiro A, Cardoso G. Social determinants of mental health: a review of the evidence. Eur J Psychiatry 2016; 30(4): 259-92.
54. Palizgir M, Bakhtiari M, Esteghamati A. Association of depression and anxiety with diabetes mellitus type 2 concerning some sociological factors. Iran Red Crescent Med J 2013; 15(8): 644-8.
2. Stark C, Smith H, Hall D. Increase in parasuicide in Scotland. BMJ 1994; 308(6943): 1569-70.
3. Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, et al. Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database. Bull World Health Organ 2008; 86(9): 726-32.
4. Ghafarian Shirazi HR, Hosseini M, Zoladl M, Malekzadeh M, Momeninejad M, Noorian K, et al. Suicide in the Islamic Republic of Iran: an integrated analysis from 1981 to 2007. East Mediterr Health J 2012; 18(6): 607-13.
5. Raj A, Gomez C, Silverman JG. Driven to a fiery death--the tragedy of self-immolation in Afghanistan. N Engl J Med 2008; 358(21): 2201-3.
6. Laloë V. Patterns of deliberate self-burning in various parts of the world: A review. Burns 2004; 30(3): 207-15.
7. Nisavic M, Nejad SH, Beach SR. Intentional self-inflicted burn injuries: review of the literature. Psychosomatics 2017; 58(6): 581-91.
8. Saadati M, Azami-Aghdash S, Heydari M, Derakhshani N, Rezapour R. Self-immolation in Iran: systematic review and meta-analysis. Bull Emerg Trauma 2019; 7(1): 1-8.
9. Karamouzian M, Rostami M. Suicide statistics in Iran: Let’s get specific. Am J Mens Health 2019; 13(1): 1557988318807079.
10. Arya V, Page A, Gunnell D, Dandona R, Mannan H, Eddleston M, et al. Suicide by hanging is a priority for suicide prevention: method specific suicide in India (2001-2014).
J Affect Disord 2019; 257: 1-9.
11. Caine PL, Tan A, Barnes D, Dziewulski P. Self-inflicted burns: 10 year review and comparison to national guidelines. Burns 2016; 42(1): 215-21.
12. Rezaeian M. The geographical belt of self-immolation. Burns 2017; 43(5): 896-7.
13. Alaghehbandan R, Dinn NA, Rastegar Lari E, Rastegar Lari A. Suicidal behavior by burns among women in two bordering provinces in Iran. Ann Burns Fire Disasters 2015; 28(2): 147-54.
14. Ahmadi A, Schwebel DC, Bazargan-Hejazi S, Taliee K, Karim H, Mohammadi R. Self-immolation and its adverse life-events risk factors: results from an Iranian population. J Inj Violence Res 2015; 7(1): 13-8.
15. Parvareh M, Hajizadeh M, Rezaei S, Nouri B, Moradi G, Nasab NE. Epidemiology and socio-demographic risk factors of self-immolation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Burns 2018; 44(4): 767-75.
16. Kazemzadeh J, Rabiepoor S, Alizadeh S. The quality of life in women with burns in Iran. World J Plast Surg 2019; 8(1): 33-42.
17. Mansourian M, Taghdisi MH, Khosravi B, Ziapour A, Ozdenk GD. A study of Kurdish women’s tragic self-immolation in Iran: A qualitative study. Burns 2019; 45(7): 1715-22.
18. Palmu R, Partonen T, Suominen K, Saarni SI, Vuola J, Isometsä E. Health-related quality of life 6 months after burns among hospitalized patients: Predictive importance of mental disorders and burn severity. Burns 2015; 41(4): 742-8.
19. Rabiepoor S, Kazemzadeh J, Alizadeh S. The relationship between quality of life and sexual satisfaction in women with severe burns. Maedica (Bucur) 2018; 13(2): 137-42.
20. Tedstone JE, Tarrier N, Faragher EB. An investigation of the factors associated with an increased risk of psychological morbidity in burn injured patients. Burns 1998; 24(5): 407-15.
21. Palmu R, Suominen K, Vuola J, Isometsä E. Mental disorders after burn injury: a prospective study. Burns 2011; 37(4): 601-9.
22. Brown MZ, Comtois KA, Linehan MM. Reasons for suicide attempts and nonsuicidal self-injury in women with borderline personality disorder. J Abnorm Psychol 2002; 111(1): 198-202.
23. Joiner T. Why people die by suicide. 1st ed. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; 2007.
24. Ahmadi A, Mohammadi R, Schwebel DC, Yeganeh N, Soroush A, Bazargan-Hejazi S. Familial risk factors for self-immolation: a case-control study. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2009; 18(7): 1025-31.
25. Ahmadi A, Mohammadi R, Schwebel DC, Khazaie H, Yeganeh N, Almasi A. Demographic risk factors of self-immolation: a case-control study. Burns 2009; 35(4): 580-6.
26. Poeschla B, Combs H, Livingstone S, Romm S, Klein MB. Self-immolation: socioeconomic, cultural and psychiatric patterns. Burns 2011; 37(6):1049-57.
27. Peck MD. Epidemiology of burns throughout the World. Part II: intentional burns in adults. Burns 2012; 38(5): 630-7.
28. Ahmadi A, Ytterstad B. Prevention of self-immolation by community-based intervention. Burns 2007; 33(8): 1032-40.
29. Ahmadi A, Schwebel DC, Rezaei M. The efficacy of wet-cupping in the treatment of tension and migraine headache. Am J Chin Med 2008; 36(01): 37-44.
30. Saadat M. Epidemiology and mortality of hospitalized burn patients in Kohkiluye va Boyerahmad province (Iran): 2002-2004. Burns 2005; 31(3): 306-9.
31. Henry JD, Crawford JR. The short‐form version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS‐21): Construct validity and normative data in a large non‐clinical sample. Br J Clin Psychol 2005; 44(2): 227-39.
32. Sahebi A, Asghari MJ, Salari RS. Validation of depression anxiety and stress scale (DASS-21) for an Iranian population [in Persian]. Iran J Psychiatry 2005; 1(4): 299-313.
33. Aghakhani K, Rasouli A, Jamilian HR, Memarian A. Differences in demographic and psychological variables in suicide by self-immolation and poisoning. Iranian J Toxicology 2013; 7(22): 882-6.
34. Hosseini SH, Yazdanpanah F, Ghannadzadegan HA, Fazli M. Evaluation of self-immolation suicide attempt in Sari City (north of Iran) between 2011 to 2014. Int J Med Invest 2016; 5(2): 65-8.
35. Amin NMM, Ameen NRH, Abed R, Abbas M. Self-burning in Iraqi Kurdistan: proportion and risk factors in a burns unit. Int Psychiatry 2012; 9(3): 72-4.
36. Amin PM, Mirlashari J, Nasrabadi AN. A cry for help and protest: self-immolation in young Kurdish Iraqi women-a qualitative study. Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery 2018; 6(1): 56-64.
37. Ahmadi A. Suicide by self-immolation: comprehensive overview, experiences and suggestions. J Burn Care Res 2007; 28(1): 30-41.
38. Rezaie L, Khazaie H, Soleimani A, Schwebel DC. Self-immolation a predictable method of suicide: A comparison study of warning signs for suicide by self-immolation and by self-poisoning. Burns 2011; 37(8): 1419-26.
39. Maghsoudi H, Garadagi A, Jafary GA, Azarmir G, Aali N, Karimian B, et al. Women victims of self-inflicted burns in Tabriz, Iran. Burns 2004; 30(3): 217-20.
40. Zamani SN, Bagheri M, Abbas Nejad M. Investigation of the demographic characteristics and mental health in self-immolation attempters. Int J High Risk Behav Addict 2013; 2(2): 77-81.
41. Zare Shahabadi A, Shafiee Nejad M, Madahi J. Suicide attempt between women abdanan: motives and conditions [in Persian]. Wom Dev Pol 2017; 15(3): 427-46.
42. Ghalambor AA, Zarei J, Pipelzadeh MH. Assessment of personal and social characteristics as risk factors in self-inflicted burns [in Persian]. Sci Med J 2010; 9(3): 233-56.
43. Shahana N, Turin TC, Rumana N, Rahman AM, Hossain S, Nahar S. Mental illness as a contributor to intentional self inflicted suicidal burn injury. J Dhaka Natl Med Coll Hosp 2012; 18(1): 49-57.
44. Sadeghi-Bazargani H, Maghsoudi H, Soudmand-Niri M, Ranjbar F, Mashadi-Abdollahi H. Stress disorder and PTSD after burn injuries: a prospective study of predictors of PTSD at Sina Burn Center, Iran. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2011; 7: 425-9.
45. Van Loey NEE, Van Son MJM. Psychopathology and psychological problems in patients with burn scars. Am J Clin Dermatol 2003; 4(4): 245-72.
46. Aaron LA, Patterson DR, Finch CP, Carrougher GJ, Heimbach DM. The utility of a burn specific measure of pain anxiety to prospectively predict pain and function: a comparative analysis. Burns 2001; 27(4): 329-34.
47. Jain A, Rathore S, Jain R, Gupta ID, Choudhary GL. Assessment of the depression and the quality of life in burn patients seeking reconstruction surgery. Indian J Burns 2015; 23(1): 37-42.
48. Haden SC, Scarpa A, Jones RT, Ollendick TH. Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and injury: The moderating role of perceived social support and coping for young adults. Pers Individ Differ 2007; 42(7): 1187-98.
49. Fidel-Kinori SG, Eiroa-Orosa FJ, Giannoni-Pastor A, Tasqué-Cebrián R, Arguello JM, Casas M. The fenix II study: A longitudinal study of psychopathology among burn patients. Burns 2016; 42(6): 1201-11.
50. Leenaars AA, Dogra TD, Girdhar S, Dattagupta S, Leenaars L. Menstruation and suicide: a histopathological study. Crisis 2009; 30(4): 202-7.
51. Baca-García E, Díaz-Sastre C, de Leon J, Saiz-Ruiz J. The relationship between menstrual cycle phases and suicide attempts. Psychosom Med 2000; 62(1): 50-60.
52. Mann JJ, Waternaux C, Haas GL, Malone KM. Toward a clinical model of suicidal behavior in psychiatric patients. Am J Psychiatry 1999; 156(2): 181-9.
53. Silva M, Loureiro A, Cardoso G. Social determinants of mental health: a review of the evidence. Eur J Psychiatry 2016; 30(4): 259-92.
54. Palizgir M, Bakhtiari M, Esteghamati A. Association of depression and anxiety with diabetes mellitus type 2 concerning some sociological factors. Iran Red Crescent Med J 2013; 15(8): 644-8.